Hajj is a mandatory pilgrimage performed once a year during specific dates in the Islamic month of Dhu al-Hijjah, while Umrah is a voluntary pilgrimage that can be performed anytime throughout the year.

Every Muslim who is physically and financially able, and who can travel safely, is required to perform Hajj at least once in their lifetime.

Umrah usually takes a few hours to complete, including rituals such as Tawaf (circumambulating the Kaaba) and Sa’i (walking between Safa and Marwah).

The main Hajj rituals include Ihram (state of spiritual purity), Tawaf, Sa’i, standing at Arafat, spending nights in Mina and Muzdalifah, and symbolic stoning of the devil.